Notching unit



Oct. 26, 1965 y F. E. HARDING NOTCHING UNIT Filed April 23. 1962 UnitedStates Patent 3,213,741 NOTCHING UNIT Frank E. Harding, Wyoming, NSY.,assigner to Houdaille Industries, inc., Buffalo, N.Y., a corporation ofMichigan Filed Apr. 23, 1962, Ser. No. 189,640 11 Claims. (Cl. 83-58S)This invention relates generally t-o notching units, and morespecifically to a universal-type of notching unit in that it is adaptedto perform edge notching, V-no-tching, and corner notching.

Although the principles of the present invention may be included invarious notching or punching units, a particularly useful application ismade in a notching or punching unit of .the type that is constructed tobe disposed on the bed or bolster of a press, to be operated by the ramof such press. Thus the device is a self-contained unit adapted tosupport both a punch and a die for such purpose.

Heretofore, it has been commonplace to provide structures distinctlyadapted to perform a particular type of notching. This has necessitatedthe stocking of different types of devices depending on whether cornernotches, edge notches, or V-notches were to be produced. Further, suchknown devices have not been particularly well suited or adapted to havea cutting edge thereof work right up against one leg of an angle ironwhen the other leg thereof is to be punched. Still further, certainknown forms of this general type of unit have had the disadvantage that4the lifting springs thereof have been so located that they applied acocking force `to the movable element resiliently biased by suchsprings.

The present invention contemplates the utilization of a single basicstructure for all three types of notching described. While the termnotching is used extensively herein and refers to the removal ofmaterial from an edge of a workpiece, it will become apparent laterherein that the punch and die supporting means are inherently capable ofsupporting conventional shaped or circular punch and die elements.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a newimproved simplified device such as is commonly termed a notching unit.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a notching unitwhich may universally be used for edge notching, corner notching, andV-notching.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a device ofthe type described having a reciprocable punch holder guided on at leasttwo sides thereof.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide means forsupporting a punch holder wherein such means do not engage -anyrelatively moving part during reciprocation of the punch holder.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a device -of thetype described having a punch holder resiliently biased at right anglesto its direction of movement.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide a deviceof the type described wherein there is employed a lifting springstructure disposed in non-cooking relation to the punch holder, and sosupported that the spring does not contribute to the shut height of thedevice.

Many other advantages, features and additional objects of the presentinvention will become manifest to those versed in the art upon makingreference to the detailed description and the accompanying sheet ofdrawings in which a preferred structural embodiment incorporating theprinciples vof the present invention is shown by way of illustrativeexample.

d3,213,741 Patented Oct. 26, 1965 ICC In the drawings: f

FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of a notching unit assembly providedin accordance with the principles of the present invention;

FIGURE 2 is a plan view of the device shown in FIG- URE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a front View of the device shown in FIG- URE 1; and

FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary showing of an angle iron workpiece providedwith various notches produced by the device of FIGURE 1.

As shown on the drawings:

The principles of this invention are particularly useful when embodiedin a notching uni-t assembly such as illustrated in FIGURE 1, generallyindicated by the numeral 10. The notching unit includes a base 11,having a standard 12, against which is disposed a punch holder 13, thepunch holder 13 being held by a spring plate 14 and connecting screw 15.The punch holder 13 is guided by a pair of cheek or guide plates 16, 17,and is resiliently urged in an upward direction by a pair of springs 18and 19.

The base 11 is adapted as at 20 .to be bolted to the bed of the press(not shown), and is provided with a round pilot pin 21 and a generallydiamond shaped pilot pin 22 which are adapted to engage locatingstructure on the press bed, such as a template. The base 11 has anupwardly directed die supporting surface 23 which is adapted to rigidlysupport a die 24 having a die opening 25 terminating in a cutting edgeat the upper surface thereof. The die opening 25 communicates throughthe die 24 with a slug ejection chute 26. Preferably the die 24 isbeveled as shown to facilitate reception of a workpiece thereabove.

The standard 12 is secured to the base 11, and in this embodimentcomprises an integral portion thereof extending upwardly from therearward part of the base 11. The front surface 27 of the standard 12 issmoothly finished and comprises an external forwardly or outwardlydirected slide surface against which the rear surface of the punchholder 13 engages. The standard 12 also has an external rearwardly or-outwardly directed surface or surfaces 28, 28 which engage theforwardly directed edges of the spring 14. The standard 12 hasoppositely directed lateral surfaces against which the cheek or guideplates 16 and 17 are pinned and bolted. It is to be understood that theupper surface of the standard 12 must be downwardly recessed from theupper surface of the punch holder 13 when the punch holder 13 is at shutheight.

The punch holder 13 comprises a solid block which has a rear surface inengagement with the surface 27 of the standard 12, and an oppositelydirected front surface 29 which can directly engage any upwardlyextending flange =on a workpiece. The punch holder 13 has oppositelydirected lateral surfaces 30, 31 which are slidably guided by andagainst inner surfaces 32, 33 on the cheek or guide plates 16 and 17,respectively. The top of the punch holder 13 is crowned as shown forbeing directly engaged by the ram of the press, the top of the punchholder 13 at all times extending above the remainder of the device 10.Just as the die 24 is secured by bolts (not shown) to the base 11, soalso is a punch or punch tip 34 secured as by bolts (not shown) to thebottom of the punch holder 13. It is to be understood that the punch 34has a peripheral profile at its lower or cutting edge corresponding tothe die opening 25. While the configuration of the die opening 25 andthe cutting edge of the punch tip 34 has been here illustrated as beingidentical to that of the punch holder 13, it is to be understood thatany configuration falling Within these limits may be used.

The spring plate 14 is constructed so that in its free state there is aslight gap between the spring plate 14 and the surface 28 near thecenter of the plate 14. The connecting screw 15 passes through the plate14 through an.elongated slot 35 in the standard 12, and into threadedengagement with the punch holder 13. Preferably, a set screw 36 and plug37 lock the position of the connecting screw 15. The screw 15 istherefore tightened so that while the plate 14 becomes substantiallyflat, it slidably engages the standard 12 primarily near opposite edges.It is to be noted that the screw 15 does not engage the means thatdefine the slot 35 during vertical reciprocation of the punch holder 13.Thus the internal threads will not be damaged during reciprocation sothat the screw 15 may at any time be reset to a preferred tension toallow for wear, replacement of parts, etc.

Each fof the cheek or guide plates 16 and 17 is secured by a pluralityof screws 3S and pins 39 to the standard 12, such as to lateral sidesthereof. Preferably the inner surfaces 32 and 33 of the plates 16 and 17terminate rearwardly of the front surface 29 of the punch holder 13. Theplates 16 and 17 are also each provided with an outer surface 40, 41which extends at an acute angle to the inner surface 32, 33 adjacentthereto respectively. The outer surfaces 40, 41 comprise vertical guidesurfaces for engaging the flange of a ilanged workpiece, and in thisembodiment, they are disposed at an angle of 45 with respect to theinner surfaces 32, 33, and at an angle of 90 with respect to each other.The 45 angles are so disposed that the vertex lof each liessubstantially iu the plane of the side 29 of the punch holder 13. Likethe upper outer periphery of the die 24, the lower outer periphery ofthe guides plates 16 and 17 is beveled to facilitate reception of theworkpiece. Since the punch holder 13 is actually carried on the end ofthe screw 15, the guide platesk 16 and 17 act directly on the punchholder 13 to prevent any rocking or rotation thereof. Similarly, theyact on the spring plate 14 which, being driven by the connector screw15, reciprocates vertically together with the punch holder 13. It isthus evident that the inner guide surfaces 32, 33 lie directly above thedie 24.

The spring 18 is disposed in a recess 42 while the spring 19 is disposedin a recess 43. Thus the recess 42 lies at one side of the punch holder13, while the recess 43 lies at the other side thereof. Further, therecesses 42 and 43 are disposed above the punch-end of the punch holder13, and as best seen in FIGURE 2, are disposed centrally along thelengths of the opposite sides of the punch holder 13.. As best seen inFIGURES 2 and 3, part of the recess 42 lies in the guide plate 16 andpartly in the punch head 13, while the recess 43 is defined jointly byportions of the punch head 13 and the guide plate 17. Therefore, therecesses 42 and 43 are intersected by opposite sides of the punch holder13, and in this embodiment, the same comprises a vertical plane alignedwith the cutting edges of the punch 34 and the die 24. Thus each of therecesses 42 and 43 comprise two semi-cylindrical cavities directedtoward each other. At the axial ends or upper and lower ends of therecesses 42 and 43, there is disposed a flange 44-47. The flange 44 issecured as by a screw to the bottom of the recess in the guide plate 16,while the flange 47 is similarly secured to the guide plate 17. Theflanges 45 and 46 are each secured as by a screw to the punch holder 13.The springs 18 and 19 are compression springs which respectively actbetween the flanges 44-45 and 46-47 urging them apart to a positionwhere there is slight spring compression.

When a downward force is applied to the punch holder 13, the springs 18and 19 are partially compressed thereby through the action of theflanges 45, 46, the lower end of the springs being supported by theflanges 44 and 47. This movement progresses downwardly until the punch34 has progressed into the die 24 to a position indicated by the dashedlines in FIGURE 3. When the force is released from the punch holder 13,the springs 18 and 19 expand to return the moving parts to the portionillustrated in solid lines. This position constitutes the upward orlimiting position, the same being established by an abutting type ofengagement between the projecting portions lof the tlanges 44-47 withone or more of the punch holder 13 in the case of the llanges 44 and 47,and the guides plates 16 and 17 in the cases of the flanges 45 and 46.

`FIGURE 4 is ya fragmentary illustration `of a piece of angle iron whichhas been notched in three manners by the device described, the 4notchestherein illustrating the versatility of the disclosed notching unit. Theworkpiece is here described as an illustration, :and is not intended tobe limiting. Assuming tha-t the punch and die of the device 10 havecutting edges aligned with the surfaces 29 31, then a workpiece insertedand punched would have ra rectangular notch at its side. If the edge ofthe workpiece ywere 4squared with the device, the edges of the notchwould be parallel .and perpendicular -to the edge of the workpiece. Theillustrated workpiece W is `a special example wherei-n a flange X can-be inserted between the punch and die until a second flange Y engagesthe punch holder 31 and is squared by it. With this orientation,operation of the notching unit 10l creates Va notch E in the workpieceW. If the workpiece he shifted so that the flange Y rests squarely.against -one of the guide surfaces 40 and y41, operation of the device10 will create a 90 Vanotch V. `It is .to be noted that the .apex of theV-notch extends like the notch E .all the way to the flange Y. Furrther,using the flange Y yas a guide and with t'he end of the workpieceslightly spaced from the end ,or edge of the punch and die, a cornernotch yC may likewise be created. In this .example since the length andwidth of the die opening is approximately lthat of a square, squarenotches may -be cut in sheet stock. Further, itis to be understood thatV-notches of less dept-h may be made with the same device, ,and that thecenter line of such notch may he disposed -at any angle between 0 and 90from the llange Y.

During operation, the spring location and supporting structure disclosedacts to return the punch holder 13 after each power stroke withoutcocking the punch holder, fand it is evident that the spring supportstructure does not contribute to the shut height of the device.

Although various minor modifications might be suggested by those versedin the art, it should be .understood that lI wish to embody within thescope of the patent warranted herein all such embodiments as reasonablyand properly come `within the scope of my contribution to the art.

yI claim as my invention:

l1. A device zfor use between the bed and ram of .a

press, comprising in combination:

(a) a base adapted to the secured to the press bed and adapted todetachably support a die;

('b) a standard exten-ding upwardly fhom said base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front and rear slide surfaces;

`(c) a punch holder slidably disposed against said front slide surface,`and adapted at one end to support a .punch t-ip and yto guide it inregistration with the die, and to be engaged by the press ram at the-other end;

(d) a plate slidably disposed 'against said Vrear slide surface;

(e) means extending through said standard and connecting said punchholder and said plate together `and holding said punch holder againstsaid front slide surface;

(f) a pair vof cheek plates each having an inner surface directed towardthe inner surface of the other cheek plate `and tixedly secured linengagement with said standard, said inner surfaces at one side of saidstandard jointly guiding said punch holder, and said inner surfaces atthe other side Iof said standard jointly guiding said slidable plate;and

(g) spring means :biasing said punch holder in a direction away from thedie.

2. A device for use ybetween the bed land ram of a press, comprising incombination:

(a) a base .adapted to be secured to the press bed and adapt-ed todetachably support a die;

(b) a standard extending upwardly from said 'base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front .and rear slide surfaces, and having meansdelning a slot -in said stationary standard extending between saidsurfaces;

(c) :a punch holder slidably disposed against said front slide surface,an-d adapted .to support a punch tip and to guide it in registrationwith the die, and to be engaged by the press ram at its upper end;

(d) a plate slidably disposed against said rear slide surface;

(e) tensioned means extending through said slot in said stationarystandard and connecting said punch holder and said plat-e together, forjoint reciprocation with respect to said standard, and said tensionedmeans holding said punch holder and said plate -respectively againstsaid front and rear slide surfaces, said tensioned connecting meansbeing space-d from said slot-defining means during all movement;

(f) .additional means carried `by said stan-dard in direct guidingengagement with said pun-ch holder; and (g) spring means biasing saidpunch holder in a direction away from the die.

3. A device for use between the bed and ram of a press, comprising incombination:

(a) a hase radapted Ito be secured t-o the press bed and adapted todetachably support a die;

-(b) a standard extending upwardly from said -base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front and rear slide surfaces;

(c) a punch holder slidably disposed against said front, slide surface,and adapted at 'one end to supporta punch tip and to guide it inregistration with the die, and yto be engaged by the press ram .at theother end;

(d) a spring plate having a configuration which .is i-n effect slightly'bowed in its free form and is slidably disposed against said rear slidesurface;

(e) means extending through said standard, and connecting said punchholder and said plate together with a tension in said connecting means,and thereby urging said punch holder and said spring plate respectivelyagainst said slide surfaces;

(f) additional means Icarried by said standard in direct ,guidingengagement with said punch holder; and

g) spring means biasing said punch holder i-n a direction away from thedie.

4. A device for use between the bed and ram of a press, comprising incombination:

, (a) a base adapted to be secured to the press bed and adapted todetachably support a die;

(b) a standard extending upwardly from said base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front and rear slide surfaces;

(c) a punch holder slidably disposed against said front slide surface,and adapted to support a punch tip and to guide it in registration withthe die, and to be engaged by the press ram at its upper end;

(d) a plate slidably disposed against said rear slide surface;

(e) tensioned means extending through said stationary standard andconnecting said punch holder and said plate together for jointreciprocation with respect to said standard, and said tensioned meansholding said punch holder against said front slide surface v and holdingsaid plate against said rear slide surface;

(f) additional means carried by said standard Vin direct guidingengagement with said punch holder; and

(g) spring means biasing said punch holder in a direction away from thedie.

5. A device for use between the bed and ram of a press, comprising incombination:

(a) a base adapted to be secured to the press bed and adapted todetachably support a die;

(b) a standard extending upwardly from said base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front and rear slide surfaces;

(c) a punch holder slidably disposed against said front slide surface,and adapted to support a punch tip and to guide it in registration withthe die, and to be engaged by the press ram at its upper end;

(d) a plate slidably disposed against said rear slide surface;

(e) tensioned means extending through said stationary standard andconnecting said punch holder and said plate together for jointreciprocation with respect to said standard, and said tensioned meansholding said punch holder against said front slide surface and holdingsaid plate against said rear slide surface;

(f) additional means carried by said standard in direct guidingengagement with said punch holder; and

(g) spring means acting between said additional means and said punchholder, and entirely disposed vertically above the lower end of saidpunch holder.

6. A device for use between the bed and ram cf a press, comprising incombination:

(a) a base adapted to be secured to the press bed and adapted todetachably support a die;

(b) a standard extending upwardly from said base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front and rear slide surfaces;

(c) a punch holder slidably disposed against said front slide surface,and adapted to support a punch tip and to guide it in registration withthe die, and to be engaged by the press ram at its upper end;

(d) a plate slidably disposed against said rear slide surface;

(e) tensioned means extending through said stationary standard andconnecting said punch holder and said plate together for jointreciprocation with respect to said standard, and said tensioned meansholding said punch holder against said front slide surface and holdingsaid plate against said rear slide surface;

(f) a pair of additional means carried by said standard,

each being in direct guiding engagement with respective opposite sidesof said punch holder; and

(g) a pair of springs each acting between one of said additional meansand said punch holder, and disposed in recesses between said one of saidadditional means and said punch holder centrally along the lengths ofopposite sides of the punch holder.

7. A device for use between the bed and ram of a press, comprising incombination:

(a) a base adapted to be secured to the press bed and adapted todetachably support a die;

Y (b) a standard extending upwardly from said base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front and rear slide surfaces;

(c) a punch holder slidably disposed against said front slide surface,and adapted at one end to support a punch tip and to guide it inregistration with the die, and to be engaged by the press ram at theother end;

(d) a plate slidably disposed against said rear slide surface;

(e) means extending through said standard and connecting said punchholder and said plate together and holding them respectively againstsaid slide surfaces;

(f) a pair of guide plates secured to said standard, each being indirect guiding engagement with respective ,opposite sides of said punchholder;

(g) means deiining a pair of spring recesses respectively disposed onopposite sides of said punch holder and intersected by said oppositesides of said holder, and extending into both said punch holder and intothe adjacent guide plate; and

(h) a pair of compression springs respectively disposed in saidrecesses, and acting at their upper ends against said punch holder andat their bottom ends against the adjacent guide plate.

8. A device for use between the bed and ram of a press, comprising incombination:

(a) a base adapted to be secured to the press bed and adapted todetachably support a die;

(b) a standard extending upwardly from said base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front and rear slide surfaces;

(c) a punch holder slidably disposed against said front slide surface,and adapted at one end to support a punch tip and to guide it inregistration with the die, and to be engaged by the press ram at theother end;

(d) a plate slidably disposed against said rear slide surface;

(e) means extending through said standard and connecting said punchholder and said plate together and holding them respectively againstsaid slide surfaces;

(f) a pair of guide plates secured to said standard, each being indirect guiding engagement with respective opposite sides of said punchholder;

(g) means defining a pair of spring recesses respectively disposed onopposite sides of said punch holder and intersected by said oppositesides of said holder, and extending into both said punch holder and intothe adjacent guide plate;

(h) two pairs of flanges respectively disposed at the upper and lowerends of said spring recesses, one pair of said iianges being secured tosaid punch holder and extending into the adjacent guide plate, and theother of said anges being respectively secured to said guide plates andextending into said punch holder; and

(i) a pair of compression springs respectively disposed in saidrecesses, and acting between said flanges therein.

9. A device for use between the bed and ram of a press, comprising incombination:

(a) a base adapted to be secured to the press bed and adapted todetachably support a die;

(b) a standard extending upwardly from said base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front and rear slide surfaces, and having meansdefining a slot extending between said surfaces;

(c) a punch holder slidably disposed against said front slide surface,and adapted at one end to support a punch tip and to guide it inregistration with the die, and to be engaged by the press ram at theother end;

(d) a spring plate having a configuration which is in effect slightlybowed in its free form and is slidably disposed against said rear slidesurface;

(e) means extending through said slot and connecting said punch holderand said plate together with a tension in said connecting means, andthereby urging said punch holder and said spring plate respectivelyagainst said slide surfaces, said connecting means being spaced fromsaid slot-defining means during all movement;

(f) a pair of guide plates secured to said standard, and each having aninner surface directed toward the inner surface of the other guideplate, said inner surfaces lying directly above the die and each beingin direct guiding engagement with respective oppo- `site sides of saidpunch holder, and each guide plate having an outer surface extending atan acute angle to said inner surface and disposed to engage and to guidea workpiece;

(g) means defining a pair of spring recesses respectively disposed onopposite sides of said punch holder above the punch-end thereof andcentrally along the lengths of said opposite sides, said recesses beingintersected by said opposite sides and by a vertical plane alivned withthe cutting edges of the punch and die, said recesses extending intoboth said punch holder and into the adjacent guide plate;

(h) two pairs of iianges respectively disposed at the upper and lowerends of said spring recesses, one pair of said anges being secured tosaid punch holder and extending into the adjacent guide plate, and theother of said anges being respectively secured to said guide plates andextending into said punch holder; and

(i) a pair of compression springs respectively disposed in saidrecesses, and acting continually between said flanges therein.

10. A device for use between the bed and ram of a press, comprising incombination:

(a) a base adapted to be secured to the press bed and adapted todetachably support a die;

(b) a standard extending upwardly from said base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front and rear slide surfaces;

(c) a punch holder slidably disposed against said front slide surface,and adapted to support a punch tip and to guide it in registration withthe die, and to be engaged by the press ram at its upper end;

(d) a spring plate slidably disposed against said rear slide surface;

(e) means tensioned by said spring plate and extending through saidstationary standard and connecting said punch holder and said platetogether for joint reciprocation with respect to said standard, and saidtensioned means holding said punch holder against said front slidesurface and holding said plate against said rear slide surface;

(f) additional means carried by said standard in direct guidingengagement with said punch holder; and

(g) spring means biasing said punch holder in a direction away from thedie.

11. A device for use between the bed and ram of a press comprising incombination:

(a) a base adapted to be secured to the press bed and adapted todetachably support a die;

(b) a standard extending upwardly from said base and having outwardlyoppositely directed front and rear slide surfaces;

(c) a punch holder of rectangular cross-section having a first sideslidably disposed against said front slide surface, and adapted tosupport a punch tip and to guide it in registration with the die, and tobe engaged by the press ram at its upper end;

(d) a plate slidably disposed against said rear slide surface;

(e) tensioned means extending through said stationary standard andconnecting said punch holder and said plate together for jointreciprocation with respect to said standard, and said tensioned meansholding said punch holder against said front slide surface and holdingsaid plate against said rear slide surface;

(f) at least one cheek plate carried by said standard and having aninner surface in direct engagement with a second side of said punchholder and guiding said punch holder, and said cheek plate having anouter surface extending at an acute angle to its said inner surface, thevertex of which angle is substantially in the plane of a third side ofsaid punch holder adjacent to said second side thereof, said outersurface being thereby disposed to engage and guide a anged workpiece byits flange; and

9 1 0 (g) spring means biasing said punch holder in a direc- 2,664,15912/53 Geiler 83-635 tion away from the die. 2,765,848 10/56 Bakula83-693 3,063,323 11/62 Graf 83-635 References Cited by the ExaminerUNITED STATES PATENTS 5 ANDREW R. JUHASZ, Przmary Examzner.

2,482,121 9/49 Norquist s3-917 CARL W- TOMLIN Examiner-

1. A DEVICE FOR USE BETWEEN THE BED AND RAM OF A PRESS, COMPRISING IN COMBINATION: (A) A BASE ADAPTED TO BE SECURED TO THE PRESS BED AND ADAPTED TO DETACHABLY SUPPORT A DIE; (B) A STANDARD EXTENDING UPWARDLY FROM SAID BASE AND HAVING OUTWARDLY OPPOSITELY DIRECTED FRONT AND REAR SLIDE SURFACES; (C) A PUNCH HOLDER SLIDABLY DISPOSED AGAINST SAID FRONT SLIDE SURFACE, AND ADAPTED AT ONE END TO SUPPORT A PUNCH TIP AND TO GUIDE IT IN REGISTRATION WITH THE DIE, AND TO BE ENGAGED BY THE PRESS RAM AT THE OTHER END; (D) A PLATE SLIDABLY DISPOSED AGAINST SAID REAR SLIDE SURFACE; (E) MEANS EXTENDING THROUGH SAID STANDARD AND CONNECTING SAID PUNCH HOLDER AND SAID PLATE TOGETHER AND HOLDING SAID PUNCH HOLDER AGAINST SAID FRONT SLIDE SURFACE; (F) A PAIR OF CHEEK PLATES EACH HAVING AN INNER SURFACE DIRECTED TOWARD THE INNER SURFACE OF THE OTHER CHEEK PLATE AND FIXEDLY SECURED IN ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID STANDARD, SAID INNER SURFACES AT ONE SIDE OF SAID STANDARD JOINTLY GUIDING SAID PUNCH HOLDER, AND SAID INNER SURFACES AT THE OTHER SIDE OF SAID STANDARD JOINTLY GUIDING SAID SLIDABLE PLATE; AND (G) SPRING MEANS BIASING SAID PUNCH HOLDER IN A DIRECTION AWAY FROM THE DIE. 